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<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>HTML audio</title>

</head>

HTML audio

</h1>

</header>

HTML audio is a subject of the HTML specification, incorporating audio, including speech to text, all in the browser.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="<audio>_element"><audio> element</h2></div>

The <code class="nowrap" style=""><audio></code> element represents a sound, or an audio stream. It is commonly used to play back a single audio file within a web page, showing a GUI widget with play/pause/volume controls.

The <code class="nowrap" style=""><audio></code> element has these attributes: the music

<ul><li>global attributes (accesskey; class; contenteditable; contextmenu; dir; draggable; dropzone; hidden; id; lang; spellcheck; style; tabindex; title; translate)</li>

<li>autoplay = "autoplay" or "" (empty string) or empty Instructs the User-Agent to automatically begin playback of the audio stream as soon as it can do so without stopping.</li>

<li>preload = "none" or "metadata" or "auto" or "" (empty string) or empty Represents a hint to the User-Agent about whether optimistic downloading of the audio stream itself or its metadata is considered worthwhile.

<ul><li>"none": Hints to the User-Agent that the user is not expected to need the audio stream, or that minimizing unnecessary traffic is desirable.</li>

<li>"metadata": Hints to the User-Agent that the user is not expected to need the audio stream, but that fetching its metadata (duration and so on) is desirable.</li>

<li>"auto": Hints to the User-Agent that optimistically downloading the entire audio stream is considered desirable.</li></ul></li>

<li>controls = "controls" or "" (empty string) or empty Instructs the User-Agent to expose a user interface for controlling playback of the audio stream.</li>

<li>loop = "loop" or "" (empty string) or empty Instructs the User-Agent to seek back to the start of the audio stream upon reaching the end.</li>

<li>mediagroup = string Instructs the User-Agent to link multiple videos and/or audio streams together.</li>

<li>muted = "muted" or "" (empty string) or empty Represents the default state of the audio stream, potentially overriding user preferences.</li>

<li>src = non-empty [URL] potentially surrounded by spaces The URL for the audio stream.</li></ul>

Example:

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_browsers">Supporting browsers</h3></div>

On PC:

<ul><li>Google Chrome</li>

<li>Internet Explorer 9</li>

<li>Firefox 3.5</li>

<li>Opera 10.5</li>

<li>Safari 3.1</li></ul>

On mobile devices:

<ul><li>Android Browser 2.3</li>

<li>Google Chrome</li>

<li>Internet Explorer Mobile 9</li>

<li>Safari 4</li>

<li>Firefox</li>

<li>Opera Mobile 11</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supported_audio_coding_formats">Supported audio coding formats</h2></div>

The adoption of HTML audio, as with <a href="HTML_video" title="HTML video">HTML video</a>, has become polarized between proponents of <a href="Free_software" title="Free software">free</a> and <a href="Software_patent" title="Software patent">patent-encumbered</a> formats. In 2007, the recommendation to use <a href="Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a> was <a href="Use_of_Ogg_formats_in_HTML5" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of Ogg formats in HTML5">retracted</a> from the <a href="HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a> specification by the <a href="W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a> together with that to use <a href="Ogg_Theora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogg Theora">Ogg Theora</a>, citing the lack of a format accepted by all the major browser vendors.

<a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> and <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> support the <a href="International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>/<a href="International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>-<a href="Technical_standard" title="Technical standard">defined</a> formats <a href="Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> and the older <a href="MP3" title="MP3">MP3</a>. <a href="Mozilla" title="Mozilla">Mozilla</a> and <a href="Opera_Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera Software">Opera</a> support the free and <a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open</a>, <a href="Royalty-free" title="Royalty-free">royalty-free</a> <a href="Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a> format in <a href="Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a> and <a href="WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a> containers, and criticize the patent-encumbered nature of MP3 and AAC, which are guaranteed to be “non-free”. <a href="Google" title="Google">Google</a> has so far provided support for all common formats.

Most AAC files with finite length are wrapped in an MPEG-4 container (.mp4, .m4a), which is supported natively in Internet Explorer, Safari, and Chrome, and supported by the OS in Firefox and Opera. Most AAC live streams with infinite length are wrapped in an Audio Data Transport Stream container (.aac, .adts), which is supported by Chrome, Safari, Firefox and Edge.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-developer.apple.com-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>

Many browsers also support uncompressed <a href="PCM" class="mw-redirect" title="PCM">PCM</a> audio in a <a href="WAV" title="WAV">WAV</a>E container.<a href="#cite_note-auto-4">[4]</a>

In 2012, the free and open royalty-free <a href="Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">Opus</a> format was released and standardized by <a href="Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a>. It is supported by Mozilla, Google, Opera and Edge.<a href="#cite_note-auto-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>

This table documents the current support for <a href="Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio coding formats</a> by the <code><audio></code> element.

<caption>Formats supported by different web browsers

</caption>

<th scope="col">Format

</th>

<th scope="col">Container

</th>

<th scope="col">MIME type

</th>

<th scope="col"><a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a>

</th>

<th scope="col"><a href="Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a>

</th>

</th>

<th scope="col"><a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a>

</th>

<th scope="col"><a href="Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</a>

</th>

<th scope="col"><a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a>

</th></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>audio/wav</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, in v3.1

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>audio/mpeg</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, in v3.1

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>audio/mp4</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>audio/aac audio/aacp</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row" rowspan="2"><a href="Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a>

</th>

<td>audio/ogg</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">In v79<a href="#cite_note-Edge-Vorbis-15">[13]</a> In v17, with Web Media Extensions<a href="#cite_note-Edge-MediaExt-16">[14]</a></td>

<td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">With <a href="Xiph_QuickTime_Components" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiph QuickTime Components">Xiph QuickTime Components</a> (<a href="OS_X_El_Capitan" title="OS X El Capitan">macOS 10.11</a> and earlier)

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>audio/webm</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">In v79<a href="#cite_note-Edge-Vorbis-15">[13]</a> In v17, with Web Media Extensions<a href="#cite_note-Edge-MediaExt-16">[14]</a></td>

<td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>audio/ogg</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, in v25 (in v31 for Windows)</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">In v79<a href="#cite_note-Edge-Opus-19">[17]</a> In v17, with Web Media Extensions<a href="#cite_note-Edge-MediaExt-16">[14]</a></td>

<td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>audio/webm</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">In v79<a href="#cite_note-Edge-Opus-19">[17]</a> In v17, with Web Media Extensions<a href="#cite_note-Edge-MediaExt-16">[14]</a></td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, in Safari 15+ and <a href="MacOS_Monterey" title="MacOS Monterey">macOS Monterey</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>audio/x-caf</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes, in Safari 11 and <a href="MacOS_High_Sierra" title="MacOS High Sierra">macOS High Sierra</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td>audio/flac</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>audio/ogg</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">In v79<a href="#cite_note-Edge-Ogg-28">[26]</a> In v17, with Web Media Extensions<a href="#cite_note-Edge-MediaExt-16">[14]</a></td>

<td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Web_Audio_API_and_MediaStream_Processing_API">Web Audio API and MediaStream Processing API</h2></div>

The Web Audio API specification developed by <a href="W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a> describes a high-level JavaScript API for processing and synthesizing audio in web applications. The primary paradigm is of an audio routing graph, where a number of AudioNode objects are connected together to define the overall audio rendering. The actual processing will primarily take place in the underlying implementation (typically optimized Assembly / C / C++ code), but direct JavaScript processing and synthesis is also supported.<a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a>

<a href="Firefox_4" title="Firefox 4">Mozilla's Firefox browser</a> implements a similar Audio Data API extension since version 4, implemented in 2010 <a href="#cite_note-30">[28]</a> and released in 2011, but Mozilla warns it is non-standard and deprecated, and recommends the Web Audio API instead.<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a>

Some JavaScript audio processing and synthesis libraries such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oampo.github.com/Audiolet/">Audiolet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128201851/http://oampo.github.com/Audiolet/">Archived</a> 2013-01-28 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> support both APIs.

The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/2011/audio/">W3C Audio Working Group</a> is also considering the <a href="MediaStream_Processing_API" class="mw-redirect" title="MediaStream Processing API">MediaStream Processing API</a> specification developed by <a href="Mozilla" title="Mozilla">Mozilla</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[30]</a>

In addition to audio mixing and processing, it covers more general media streaming, including synchronization with HTML elements, capture of audio and video streams, and <a href="WebRTC" title="WebRTC">peer-to-peer routing</a> of such media streams.<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_browsers_2">Supporting browsers</h3></div>

On PC:

<ul><li><a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> 10<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a> (Enabled by default since 14<a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> 23 (Enabled by default since 25)</li>

<li><a href="Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</a> 15</li>

<li><a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> 6</li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Microsoft Edge</a> 12</li>

<li><a href="Opera_GX" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera GX">Opera GX</a> 36</li></ul>

On mobile devices:

<ul><li><a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> for Android 28 (Enabled by default since 29) and Apple iPads</li>

<li><a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> 6 (Has restrictions on use (Muted unless user called))</li>

<li><a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> 23 (Enabled by default since 25)</li>

<li><a href="Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Web_Speech_API">Web Speech API</h2></div>

The <a href="Web_Speech_API" class="mw-redirect" title="Web Speech API">Web Speech API</a> aims to provide an alternative input method for web applications (without using a keyboard). With this API, developers can give web apps the ability to transcribe voice to text, from the computer's microphone. The recorded audio is sent to speech servers for transcription, after which the text is typed out for the user. The API itself is agnostic of the underlying speech recognition implementation and can support both server based as well as embedded recognizers.<a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a>

The HTML Speech Incubator group has proposed the implementation of audio-speech technology in browsers in the form of uniform, <a href="Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">cross-platform</a> APIs. The API contains both:<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a>

<ul><li>Speech Input API</li>

<li>Text to Speech API</li></ul>

Google integrated this feature into Google Chrome in March 2011.<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> Letting its users search the web with their voice with code like:

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_browsers_3">Supporting browsers</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> 14.1 and up <a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a></li>

<li><a href="Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> 25 and up</li>

<li><a href="Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> Desktop 44.0 and up (Linux and Mac) / 45.0 and up (Windows) [PARTIAL: <a href="Speech_synthesis" title="Speech synthesis">speech synthesis</a> only; no recognition; enabled by default since 49.0]<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[39]</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="HTML_video" title="HTML video">HTML video</a></li>

<li><a href="Use_of_Ogg_formats_in_HTML5" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of Ogg formats in HTML5">Use of Ogg formats in HTML5</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-fn1-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_11-1">b</a> There is no native support for the AAC codec due to licensing reasons. Decoding of audio files requires the host OS to provide a compatible library.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-fn2-12"><a href="#cite_ref-fn2_12-0">^</a> An MPEG-4 file contains a header that includes <a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> followed by "tracks" which can include video as well as audio data, for example, H.264 encoded Video and AAC encoded Audio. ADTS in contrast is a streaming format consisting of a series of frames, each frame having a header followed by the AAC data.<a href="#cite_note-developer.apple.com-2">[2]</a>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li>HTML/Elements/audio – W3C Wiki</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130606104953/http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/embedded-content-0.html#the-audio-element">HTML5 audio element – W3C</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/webaudio/">Web Audio API – W3C</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/streamproc/">MediaStream Processing API – W3C</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150525223958/https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/speech-api/raw-file/9a0075d25326/speechapi.html">Web Speech API – W3C</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/rserota/wad">Web Audio DAW – GitHub</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Audio_API">Mozilla's Web Audio API</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-07" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=HTML_audio&oldid=1304676518">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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